The relevance of continuous variable entanglement in DNA
Elisabeth Rieper1, Janet Anders 2† and Vlatko Vedral1,3,4
1Center for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore;
2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom;
3Atomic and Laser Physics, Clarendon Laboratory,
University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX13PU, United Kingdom
4Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
(Dated: June 22, 2010)
SUMMARY We consider a chain of harmonic oscillators with dipole-dipole interaction between
nearest neighbours resulting in a van der Waals type bonding. The binding energies between en-
tangled and classically correlated states are compared. We apply our model to DNA. By comparing
our model with numerical simulations [1] we conclude that entanglement may play a crucial role in
explaining the stability of the DNA double helix.

Вот что подумалось. Тема искусственная бактерия Крейга Вентера по Синтиям Крэйга Вентера абсолютно четко ложится в тему Лингвистико-Волнового Генома (ЛВГ). Поэтому свою часть соображений по Синтиям переношу сюда. Собственно, и несколькими постами выше уже инициировал эту подтему, так что продолжаю.

Никто ничё не знает

Генетический белковый код, лежащий в основе жизнедеятельности Синтий и всего Живого, понят научным сообществом НЕ ДО КОНЦА

Кратко уже ответили, теперь слегка разверните.

Писание и Сотворение Мира

это плагиат...

Quantum control and entanglement in a chemical compass
Jianming Cai, Gian Giacomo Guerreschi, and Hans J. Briegel
1Institut fur Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Innsbruck, Austria
2Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat Innsbruck, Technikerstrae 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
The radical pair mechanism is one of the two main hypotheses to explain the navigability of
animals in weak magnetic fields, enabling e.g. birds to see the Earth’s magnetic field. It also plays an
essential role in the field of spin chemistry. Here, we show how quantum control can be used to either
enhance or reduce the performance of such a chemical compass, providing a new route to further
study the radical pair mechanism and its applications. We study the role of quantum entanglement
in this mechanism, and demonstrate intriguing connections between radical-pair entanglement and
the magnetic field sensitivity of the compass. Beyond their immediate application to the radical
pair mechanism, these results also demonstrate how state-of-the-art quantum technologies could
potentially be used to probe and control biological functions.

Quantum coherence and entanglement in the avian compass
Erik Gauger,1 Elisabeth Rieper,2, y John J. L. Morton,1, 3 Simon C. Benjamin,2, 1 and Vlatko Vedral2, 3, 4
1Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK
2Center for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
3Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Rd, OX1 3PU, UK
4Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
(Dated: September 30, 2009)
Tremendous eorts are underway to build technologies that harness the deep quantum phenomena
of superposition and entanglement. These properties have proven fragile, often decaying rapidly
unless cryogenic temperatures are used. Could life have evolved to exploit such phenomena [1]?
Certain migratory birds have the ability to sense very subtle variations in the Earth's magnetic
eld [2]. Here we use recent experimental observations [3] together with the well developed `radical
pair' model of the avian compass [4], and employ a master equation with various decoherence
operators in order to examine the system's vulnerability to environmental noise. Remarkably, the
room temperature noise tolerance in this natural system appears greater than that of the best man-
made molecular radical [5] or solid state singlet/triplet devices [6]. We nd that entanglement,
though probably not an essential feature of this process, appears to persist to tens of microseconds,
or more.

1. Генетический белковый код, лежащий в основе жизнедеятельности Синтий и всего Живого, понят научным сообществом НЕ ДО КОНЦА.

3. Не учитываются сверх-речевые, сверх-текстовые атрибуты ДНК как нелинейной колебательной системы, реализующей фундаментальное явление возвратной эпигенетической памяти на базе давно известного в физике феномена возврата Ферми-Паста-Улама

4. Недостаточно исследуются ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ эпигенетические функции геномов про- и эукариот - и квантово нелокальные эффекты, т.е. «спутанность» (entanglement) всех клеток биосистем и их внутри- и внеклеточных информационных структур (ДНК, РНК, Белки, Рибосомы, Хромосомы, Внеклеточный матрикс). Недостаточно исследуется голографическая память генома.

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Physicists investigate the role of quantum entanglement in the magnetic compasses of animals

Physicists have found that quantum entanglement may play a role in some types of magnetoreception with certain molecules, but more work is needed to determine the exact molecules involved in the magnetoreception of animals such as cows and others that seem to have a chemical compass. Image credit: Daniel Schwen.

Many animals possess some kind of magnetic sense, allowing them to navigate by using a magnetic field. The ability to detect a magnetic field, called magnetoreception, has been observed in a variety of animals, including birds, turtles, sharks, lobsters, cows, fungi, and bacteria. However, scientists do not fully understand the mechanisms responsible for this ability. In a new study, physicists have investigated the role of quantum interactions in magnetoreception, and have shown that quantum technologies could be used to enhance or reduce the performance of an animal’s chemical compass, and potentially control other biological functions.

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“I think our study has made clear that entanglement, as a genuine quantum effect, may not only be observed in isolated and highly-controlled laboratory systems,” Hans Briegel, a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Innsbruck, told PhysOrg.com. “It can also exist and play a role in biologically relevant systems, specifically the chemical compass, and we have described a route how this could in principle be investigated experimentally.”

In their study published in a recent issue of Physical Review Letters, Briegel and coauthors Jianming Cai and Gian Giacomo Guerreschi explain that there are two main hypotheses of magnetoreception. One of these is called the radical-pair mechanism, in which magnetic receptors in an animal’s eye are activated by photons to produce a pair of free radicals. Each free radical has an unpaired electron, and the spins of the electrons are correlated. The interaction between the free radicals and a surrounding weak magnetic field can cause different kinds of spin correlations to occur, allowing an animal to “see” the magnetic field.

One of the things that the Innsbruck researchers wanted to know was whether the electrons from the radical pairs needed to be quantum mechanically entangled, or whether classical correlations were sufficient to account for the sensitivity of the compass. In their calculations, they found that the answer largely depends on the radical-pair lifetime: for short lifetimes, such as in the case of a molecule used in recent spin-chemistry experiments, entanglement is a prominent feature; on the other hand, for long lifetimes, such as in the case of the molecule thought to be responsible for magnetoreception in European robins, entanglement does not seem to play a significant role.

Since scientists are not entirely certain which molecules are involved in the radical-pair mechanisms in different animals’ chemical compasses, the question of whether animals use entanglement to detect magnetic fields remains an open question. However, the physicists suggest that certain experiments could be performed to help narrow down the possible molecular candidates in animal magnetoreception. For instance, by applying pi pulses that are parallel, perpendicular, or a variation of both to an animal’s surrounding magnetic field, researchers may be able to observe how the quantum control protocol affects the animal’s orientation ability. The physicists stressed that much more work would be needed to study the effect of quantum control pulses on biological tissue before such experiments could be carried out safely.


More information: Jianming Cai, Gian Giacomo Guerreschi, and Hans J. Briegel. “Quantum Control and Entanglement in a Chemical Compass.” Physical Review Letters 104, 220502 (2010). DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.220502


Copyright 2010 PhysOrg.com.
All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in whole or part without the express written permission of PhysOrg.com

Untangling the quantum entanglement behind photosynthesis

The schematic on the left shows the absorption of light by a light harvesting complex and the transport of the resulting excitation energy to the reaction center through the FMO protein. On the right is a monomer of the FMO protein, showing also its orientation relative to the antenna and the reaction center. The numbers label FMO's seven pigment molecules. Image from Mohan Sarovar

The future of clean green solar power may well hinge on scientists being able to unravel the mysteries of photosynthesis, the process by which green plants convert sunlight into electrochemical energy. To this end, researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC), Berkeley have recorded the first observation and characterization of a critical physical phenomenon behind photosynthesis known as quantum entanglement.

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Previous experiments led by Graham Fleming, a physical chemist holding joint appointments with Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley, pointed to quantum mechanical effects as the key to the ability of green plants, through photosynthesis, to almost instantaneously transfer solar energy from molecules in light harvesting complexes to molecules in electrochemical reaction centers. Now a new collaborative team that includes Fleming have identified entanglement as a natural feature of these quantum effects. When two quantum-sized particles, for example a pair of electrons, are entangled, any change to one will be instantly reflected in the other, no matter how far apart they might be. Though physically separated, the two particles act as a single entity.

This is the first study to show that entanglement, perhaps the most distinctive property of quantum mechanical systems, is present across an entire light harvesting complex, says Mohan Sarovar, a post-doctoral researcher under UC Berkeley chemistry professor Birgitta Whaley at the Berkeley Center for Quantum Information and Computation. While there have been prior investigations of entanglement in toy systems that were motivated by biology, this is the first instance in which entanglement has been examined and quantified in a real biological system.

The results of this study hold implications not only for the development of artificial photosynthesis systems as a renewable non-polluting source of electrical energy, but also for the future development of quantum-based technologies in areas such as computing - a quantum computer could perform certain operations thousands of times faster than any conventional computer.

The lessons we're learning about the quantum aspects of light harvesting in natural systems can be applied to the design of artificial photosynthetic systems that are even better, Sarovar says. The organic structures in light harvesting complexes and their synthetic mimics could also serve as useful components of quantum computers or other quantum-enhanced devices, such as wires for the transfer of information.

What may prove to be this study's most significant revelation is that contrary to the popular scientific notion that entanglement is a fragile and exotic property, difficult to engineer and maintain, the Berkeley researchers have demonstrated that entanglement can exist and persist in the chaotic chemical complexity of a biological system.

We present strong evidence for quantum entanglement in noisy non-equilibrium systems at high temperatures by determining the timescales and temperatures for which entanglement is observable in a protein structure that is central to photosynthesis in certain bacteria, Sarovar says.

Sarovar is a co-author with Fleming and Whaley of a paper describing this research that appears on-line in the journal Nature Physics titled Quantum entanglement in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. Also co-authoring this paper was Akihito Ishizaki in Fleming's research group.

Green plants and certain bacteria are able to transfer the energy harvested from sunlight through a network of light harvesting pigment-protein complexes and into reaction centers with nearly 100-percent efficiency. Speed is the key - the transfer of the solar energy takes place so fast that little energy is wasted as heat. In 2007, Fleming and his research group reported the first direct evidence that this essentially instantaneous energy transfer was made possible by a remarkably long-lived, wavelike electronic quantum coherence.

Using electronic spectroscopy measurements made on a femtosecond (millionths of a billionth of a second) time-scale, Fleming and his group discovered the existence of quantum beating signals, coherent electronic oscillations in both donor and acceptor molecules. These oscillations are generated by the excitation energy from captured solar photons, like the waves formed when stones are tossed into a pond. The wavelike quality of the oscillations enables them to simultaneously sample all the potential energy transfer pathways in the photosynthetic system and choose the most efficient. Subsequent studies by Fleming and his group identified a closely packed pigment-protein complex in the light harvesting portion of the photosynthetic system as the source of coherent oscillations.

Our results suggested that correlated protein environments surrounding pigment molecules (such as chlorophyll) preserve quantum coherence in photosynthetic complexes, allowing the excitation energy to move coherently in space, which in turn enables highly efficient energy harvesting and trapping in photosynthesis, Fleming says.

In this new study, a reliable model of light harvesting dynamics developed by Ishizaki and Fleming was combined with the quantum information research of Whaley and Sarovar to show that quantum entanglement emerges as the quantum coherence in photosynthesis systems evolves. The focus of their study was the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) photosynthetic light-harvesting protein, a molecular complex found in green sulfur bacteria that is considered a model system for studying photosynthetic energy transfer because it consists of only seven pigment molecules whose chemistry has been well characterized.

We found numerical evidence for the existence of entanglement in the FMO complex that persisted over picosecond timescales, essentially until the excitation energy was trapped by the reaction center, Sarovar says.

This is remarkable in a biological or disordered system at physiological temperatures, and illustrates that non-equilibrium multipartite entanglement can exist for relatively long times, even in highly decoherent environments.

The research team also found that entanglement persisted across distances of about 30 angstroms (one angstrom is the diameter of a hydrogen atom), but this length-scale was viewed as a product of the relatively small size of the FMO complex, rather than a limitation of the effect itself.

We expect that long-lived, non-equilibrium entanglement will also be present in larger light harvesting antenna complexes, such as LH1 and LH2, and that in such larger light harvesting complexes it may also be possible to create and support multiple excitations in order to access a richer variety of entangled states, says Sarovar.

The research team was surprised to see that significant entanglement persisted between molecules in the light harvesting complex that were not strongly coupled (connected) through their electronic and vibrational states. They were also surprised to see how little impact temperature had on the degree of entanglement.

In the field of quantum information, temperature is usually considered very deleterious to quantum properties such as entanglement, Sarovar says. But in systems such as light harvesting complexes, we see that entanglement can be relatively immune to the effects of increased temperature.

webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=...t%22cd=1hl=enct=clnk


=====================================================================

It is known that during cell mitosis centrosomes and chromosomes are duplicated which are pulled apart by spindle fibers before the cell is finally split, as shown in FIG. 7. However, during cell meiosis centrosomes are first destroyed and chromosomes are not duplicated, and, as a consequence, the sex cells have only one half the chromosomes and they do not have centrosomes. It was seen under an electron microscope that after fertilization chromosomes from the egg and the sperm cells join together thereby retaining back the chromosomes, and the centrosomes of the zygote cell are newly reformed from the sperm's tail. The fertilization process is partially shown in FIG. 8. In FIG. 8 it is seen the sperm's tail acts like a monopole antenna, and it attracts and receives a spiritual soul before entering the egg cell; after entered the egg cell, the sperm cell with a spirit inhabited becomes the new centrosomes surrounded by PCMs. Thus, on growing up, while the child's physical body is gradually built according to the joint recipes of the combined DNA sequences of his parents, and the traits or characters of the child are inhered from an extraneous spiritual source or soul signal transplanted during fertilization. The spirit of the child has nothing to do with the parents, but rather imposing a possible causal relationship or linkage

entering the egg cell; after entered the egg cell, the sperm cell with a spirit inhabited becomes the new centrosomes surrounded by PCMs. Thus, on growing up, while the child's physical body is gradually built according to the joint recipes of the combined DNA sequences of his parents, and the traits or characters of the child are inhered from an extraneous spiritual source or soul signal transplanted during fertilization. The spirit of the child has nothing to do with the parents, but rather imposing a possible causal relationship or linkage

Передача информации в прошлое: факты и следствия. Концепция мироздания и прогноз на будущее
И.К. Разумов

(Получена 10 июня 2009; изменена 15 июня; опубликована 15 июля 2009)

Показана возможность передачи информации в прошлое через тексты с семантическими степенями свободы посредством эффекта подобного синхронистичности Юнга. Причинно-следственный парадокс снимается, если реципиент из прошлого не использует полученную информацию, либо не осознает ее смысла, который проявляется только в будущем - в форме апостериорного предсказания, иносказательного поэтического предвидения, субъективного читательского восприятия диалога с автором. В качестве реципиентов выбраны М.Нострадамус, В.Маяковский, С.Есенин. В первом случае допускается объективная вероятностная оценка эффекта; эксперименты с поэтами проведены в качестве контрольных, а их результаты субъективны. Обсуждается концепция мироздания, учитывающая первичность сознания и четырехмерность пространства. Сделаны футуристические прогнозы. ©2009 Квантовая Магия

Передача информации в прошлое оказывается возможной в некоторых специальных условиях для текстов с семантическими степенями свободы и свидетельствует в пользу изложенной выше концепции мироздания. Предположим, что автор и критик литературного произведения объединяются в целостную систему вне времени и пространства смысловыми взаимосвязями посредством текста, подобно квантовой системе в запутанном состоянии [5]. В обычных условиях информация передается из прошлого в будущее (от автора – к читателю); в противном случае “эффект бабочки” разрушает саму возможность постановки эксперимента. Однако причинно-следственный парадокс снимается, если реципиент из прошлого не разглашает полученную информацию и никак ее не использует в своих поступках. Частным случаем является ситуация, когда сигнал из будущего остается не воспринят в прошлом (и возможно, не осознан сам факт передачи) в силу ускользания смысла, но при этом фиксируется и публикуется, что позволяет зарегистрировать передачу там, откуда информация была отправлена. Реализация такого механизма возможна благодаря тому, что содержание текста выражается формой, интерпретация которой не всегда однозначна, так что авторское намерение часто не совпадает с читательским восприятием 39. Действительно, при создании текста автор изымает из него предполагаемые знания читателя как избыточные, а читатель при восприятии размещает текст в пространстве собственных знаний. Следовательно, любое послание требует дешифровки смысла, в то время как ключи к смыслу хранятся в социокультурной среде передающего. Если читатель находится в совершенно другой среде, исходный смысл текста искажается либо утрачивается, но может возникнуть новый неожиданный смысл, понятный только читателю и неизвестный автору. Этот эффект усиливается вследствие многозначности литературных образов, которые стилистически необходимы в поэзии. Наша гипотеза (которая будет подкреплена фактами) состоит в том, что в некоторых благоприятных условиях читатель, литературный критик, может оказаться фактическим соавтором исследуемого произведения – если не в плане навязывания автору творческих идей (что ставило бы под сомнение свободу воли и причинно-следственную связь событий), то по крайней мере в определении конкретной формы их выражения, которая для автора несущественна. Через эту форму в нужное время проявляется новый смысл, закладываемый читателем и отражаемый автором, что пока не имеет практической ценности, но позволяет сделать замечательные выводы о природе времени и сознания. При этом основная проблема состоит в том, чтобы установить, был ли этот смысл заложен автором изначально, или он является плодом читательского воображения, игрой случайности, или же, наконец, действительно произошла передача информации в прошлое.

Вчера 02:26:35
Передача информации в прошлое: факты и следствия. Концепция мироздания и прогноз на будущее И.К. Разумов
(Получена 10 июня 2009; изменена 15 июня; опубликована 15 июля 2009)
Показана возможность передачи информации в прошлое через тексты с семантическими степенями свободы посредством эффекта подобного синхронистичности Юнга. Причинно-следственный парадокс снимается, если реципиент из прошлого не использует полученную информацию, либо не осознает ее смысла, который проявляется только в будущем - в форме апостериорного предсказания, иносказательного поэтического предвидения, субъективного читательского восприятия диалога с автором. В качестве реципиентов выбраны М.Нострадамус, В.Маяковский, С.Есенин. В первом случае допускается объективная вероятностная оценка эффекта; эксперименты с поэтами проведены в качестве контрольных, а их результаты субъективны. Обсуждается концепция мироздания, учитывающая первичность сознания и четырехмерность пространства. Сделаны футуристические прогнозы. ©2009 Квантовая Магия

Лимарь продуктивен. Для остальных ...

Заславский Г. М.
Гамильтонов хаос и фрактальная динамика
...............
...............
...............

ГЛАВА 13. Фрактальное время
13.1. Фрактальное время
13.2. Фрактальные и мультифрактальные возвращения
13.3. Мультифрактальное пространство-время и спектр его размерности
13.4. Критический показатель для возвращений Пуанкаре


...............
...............
...............

Мне кажется, его фрактальное время к вашему малое отношение имеет

Ничего - мы наше к его подтянем и будет то что надо

Quantum Time Entanglement of Electrons

J.H. McGuire5 and A.L. Godunov

Correlation is often significant in electron scattering from atoms, nuclei and bulk matter. Mathematically, as well as conceptually, correlation and entanglement are defined in the same way. Both correlation and entanglement connote mixing. Both are described as a deviation from a product (uncorrelated) form. In quantum optics the term entanglement is used to describe the spatial mixing of states of a system by external electromagnetic fields. In static systems correlation arises from interparticle fields that mix wavefunctions. Correlation dynamics, intrinsic in scattering from few and many body systems, adds the dimension of time to the basic conceptual framework. Time correlation, described here, mixes the time evolution of the particles. This time entanglement, which is non-local, requires both spatial correlation and quantum time ordering.

Quantum Entanglement in Time

Caslav Brukner, Samuel Taylor, Sancho Cheung, and Vlatko Vedral,

The temporal Bell inequalities are derived from the assumptions of realism and locality in time.
It is shown that quantum mechanics violates these inequalities and thus is in conflict with the two
assumptions. This can be used for performing certain tasks that are not possible classically. Our
results open up a possibility for introducing the notion of entanglement in time in quantum physics

Scale Relativity and Fractal Space-Time:
Applications to Quantum Physics,
Cosmology and Chaotic Systems
L. NOTTALE
CNRS, DAEC, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, F-92195 Meudon Cedex, France
Completed 1 December 1995
Abstract
The theory of scale relativity is a new approach to the problem of the
origin of fundamental scales and of scaling laws in physics, that consists of
generalizing Einstein's principle of relativity (up to now applied to motion
laws) to scale transformations. Namely, we redene space-time resolutions as
characterizing the state of scale of the reference system, and require that the
equations of physics keep their form under resolution transformations (i.e. be
scale-covariant). We recall in the present review paper how the development
of the theory is intrinsically linked to the concept of fractal space-time, and
how it allows one to recover quantum mechanics as mechanics on such a nondi
erentiable space-time, in which the Schrodinger equation is demonstrated
as a geodesics equation. We recall that the standard quantum behavior is obtained,
however, as a manifestation of a \Galilean version of the theory, while
the application of the principle of relativity to linear scale laws leads to the
construction of a theory of special scale-relativity, in which there appears impassable,
minimal and maximal scales, invariant under dilations. The theory
is then applied to its preferential domains of applications, namely very small
and very large length- and time-scales, i.e., high energy physics, cosmology
and chaotic systems.

Fractal time in animal behaviour: the movement activity of DrosophilaBLAINE J. COLE
Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Houston
(Received 26 August 1993; initial acceptance 4 November 1993;
final acceptance I4 March 1995; MS. number: ~6792)
Abstract. The organization of episodes of activity and inactivity of Drosophila melanogaster has a
complex structure. Episodes of apparently continuous activity have shorter episodes of inactivity
embedded within them. This pattern of activity has a self-similar structure; the activity record appears
the same regardless of the time scale used. There is a power law dependence of the rate ‘constants’ that
describes how the activity of flies turns on and off. As a consequence no natural time scale for the
measurement of the activity level exists, and the amount of activity depends on the time scale of
measurement. The observation of fractal time variability in animal behaviour may illuminate the
processes that produce activity. Fractal time variation in movement activity can lead to Levy flight
patterns of movement, which produce efficient searches.

О, до Заславского добрались

FRACTAL TIME
Why a Watched Kettle Never Boils
by Susie Vrobel (Institute for Fractal Research, Germany)


This book provides an interdisciplinary introduction to the notion of fractal time, starting from scratch with a philosophical and perceptual puzzle. How subjective duration varies, depending on the way we embed current content into contexts, is explained.

The complexity of our temporal perspective depends on the number of nestings performed, i.e. on the number of contexts taken into account. This temporal contextualization is described against the background of the notion of fractal time. Our temporal interface, the Now, is portrayed as a fractal structure which arises from the distribution of content and contexts in two dimensions: the length and the depth of time. The leitmotif of the book is the notion of simultaneity, which determines the temporal structure of our interfaces.

Recent research results are described which present and discuss a number of distorted temporal perspectives. It is suggested that dynamical diseases arise from unsuccessful nesting attempts, i.e. from failed contextualization. Successful nesting, by contrast, manifests itself in a “win-win handshake” between the observer-participant and his chosen context. The answer as to why a watched kettle never boils has repercussions in many a discipline. It would be of immense interest to anyone who works in the fields of cognitive and complexity sciences, psychology and the neurosciences, social medicine, philosophy and the arts.


Contents:
When Time Slows Down
Subjective Duration
The Fractal Structure of the Now: Time's Length, Depth and Density
Fractal Temporal Perspectives
Corrective Distortions
The View from Within: In-Forming Boundaries
Contextualization: Extended Observer-Participants
Temporal Binding: Synchronizing Perceptions
Nesting Speed: Global vs Local Perspectives
Duration: Distributing Content and Context
Modifying Duration I: Nesting and De-Nesting
Modifying Duration II: Time Condensation
Defining Boundaries: Why is It Always Now?
Outlook: Here There be Dragons.


Readership: Cognitive scientists, philosophers working on the topic of time, cyberneticists and systems theorists focusing on nested systems and connectivity, mathematicians and logicians working on fractals and nested systems, psychologists and psychoanalysts interested in contextualization abilities, psycholinguists and neuro-scientists working on synchronization, medical practitioners focusing on integrative health care, theoretical physicists concerned with time, nonlinear dynamics, causality and connectedness and teachers contemplating the effect of temporal contextualization.