limarodessa wrote:
Мммдддэээ...:
Quantum superposition, entanglement, and state teleportation of a microorganism on an electromechanical oscillator
Schrödinger’s thought experiment to prepare a cat in a superposition of both alive and dead states reveals profound consequences of quantum mechanics and has attracted enormous interests. Here we propose a straightforward method to create quantum superposition states of a living microorganism by putting a small cryopreserved bacterium on top of an electromechanical oscillator. Our proposal is based on recent developments that the center-of-mass oscillation of a 15-μm-diameter aluminum membrane has been cooled to its quantum ground state (Teufel et al. in Nature 475:359, 2011), and entangled with a microwave field (Palomaki et al. in Science 342:710, 2013). A microorganism with a mass much smaller than the mass of the electromechanical membrane will not significantly affect the quality factor of the membrane and can be cooled to the quantum ground state together with the membrane. Quantum superposition and teleportation of its center-of-mass motion state can be realized with the help of superconducting microwave circuits. More importantly, the internal states of a microorganism, such as the electron spin of a glycine radical, can be entangled with its center-of-mass motion and teleported to a remote microorganism. Our proposal can be realized with state-of-the-art technologies. The proposed setup is a quantum-limited magnetic resonance force microscope. Since internal states of an organism contain information, our proposal also provides a scheme for teleporting information or memories between two remote organisms.
Keywords
Quantum superposition Quantum entanglement Quantum teleportation Schrödinger's cat Electromechanical Oscillator Cryopreserved microorganism
Игорь, вот краткое описание одной из серии наших Торонтских экспериментов с бактериями. Не берусь утверждать, что это демонстрация телепортации ген. информации, хотя и не исключаю это. Особенно учитывая теор. обоснования мШЭИ Г.И.Шипова. Мы показали, что в данном эксперименте идет дальняя передача генетической информации с чувствительного к ванкомицину штамма E.hirae на резистентный к нему штамм E.hirae с восстановлением чувствительности к ванкомицину. Использовали метод непосредственной бесконтактной трансляции мШЭИ со штамма на штамм. Тему быстро закрыли... Причины? Не трудно догадаться, если правильно толковать ситуационный контекст, который, конечно, извратит семейство ложно чукчецветных.
Executive Summary of the Experiments Designed to Provide the Proof of Principle of Wave Genetics Theory. Toronto.
Experiments described below were performed under contract with Wave Genetics by an independent Contract Research Organization (CRO) Nucro-Technics. Nucro-Technics is an ISO 9002 certified facility engaged in business of performing pre-clinical studies for the pharmaceutical industry, is regularly inspected and is in compliance with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Therapeutic Product Directorate of Canada (TPD). Experiments were performed by Nucro-Technics staff; test materials were at all times under control of Nucro-Technics and Study Report (Appendix 1) prepared by the Nucro-Technics.
The objective of the study was to demonstrate the possibility of transmitting genetic information from one living organism to another utilizing Wave Genetics proprietary technology. To achieve this objective the following approach was selected: normal vancomycin-sensitive bacteria (Enterococcus hirae) were selected as donors of genetic information; vancomycin-resistant strain of the same bacteria was selected as a test subject (recipient of genetic information). Vancomycin is the latest generation broad spectrum antibiotic that is used as a last resort to treat infections that do not respond to any other antibiotic. Vancomycin-sensitive bacteria do not grow or grow much slower in the presence of vancomycin, while growth of vancomycin-resistant bacteria is not affected by the presence of this antibiotic. The successful proof of principle was defined as demonstration of the transfer of sensitivity to vancomycin from sensitive to resistant strain.
Two sets of experiments were performed. In the 1st experiment a total of 20 plates with vancomycin-resistant bacteria were used. Plates 17 to 20 served as control and were not treated in Wave Genetic system, while plates 1 to 16 were treated with the vancomycin-sensitive donor in the system for varying periods of time – from 20 sec to 20 min (see Appendix 1).
Standard amount of bacteria from each plate was then grown in vancomycin-containing media for 4 hours. The greater the sensitivity to vancomycin, the slower would be the growth of the bacteria. Thus, the final concentration of bacteria per ml of solution is inversely proportional to the vancomycin sensitivity, i.e. the lower the concentration, the greater the sensitivity.
As can be seen from the data in Appendix 1, treatment for more than 20 sec resulted in significantly reduced growth rate compared to untreated controls: Average concentration for plates 5 to 16 = 2.96x108 while for untreated controls in plates 17-20 grew to an average concentrating of 3.59x108 (21% difference in concentration, p=0.005).
Treatment for 20 sec did not produce a statistically significant change, indicating that a very short treatment is less effective.
Second experiment was designed to confirm the reproducibility of the results of the 1st experiment and also to eliminate the possibility that the results were caused by non-specific effect of laser irradiation on the resistant culture. Since 1st experiment indicated that very short duration of treatment is less effective than longer duration, 2 treatment times were used in the second study – 5 min and 15 min. However, in addition to the untreated control group a second control group was added (plates 1 to 4). These plates were placed in the Wave Genetics system and exposed to the laser beam for 5 or 15 min but without donor (vancomycin-sensitive bacteria) being present in the system.
The results of this study are very similar to the first. The average bacterial density after 4 hrs growth in the culture media was 6.1x108 for untreated controls compared to 4.96 x108 for the treated group a difference of 23.4%, very similar to the first experiment. The laser irradiated control group (without the donor present) was not statistically different from the untreated control group with the average cell density of 5.76 x108 cells/ml.
Conclusion. The two experiments described above demonstrate the reproducibility and consistency of the genetic information transfer experiments using Wave Genetics system and should be considered as demonstration of the “Proof of Principle”.
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